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Drinking Education / Lesson 02

PP EDUCATION FILEYEAST4 minute briefing

The useful difference is fermentation—not colour.

Lager versus ale

Why a dark beer can be a lager, a pale beer can be an ale, and temperature changes the character in your glass.

01

In one minute

The useful answer

Ale and lager describe two broad fermentation traditions. They do not reliably tell you the beer’s colour, strength or bitterness.

02

The real story

Where it came from

Ale fermentation is generally warmer and can create more obvious fruity or spicy fermentation aromas. Lager fermentation is generally cooler, followed by cold conditioning—lagering—which encourages a clean, smooth profile.

03

Inside the brewery

How it happens

The yeast strain, fermentation temperature and maturation matter. A brewer can make a black lager, a pale ale, a strong lager or a very delicate ale.

04

Use your senses

What to look for

1Ales often show fruit or spice
2Lagers often feel crisp and clean
3Malt and hops still determine much of the flavour
05

Evidence cabinet

Try the lesson

Sources checkedPilsner UrquellWeihenstephan brewery
Next lesson · 03Why is stout dark?